ifut 2001
[Main contents of report of Annual
Conference
Annual Report
ANNUAL REPORT 2000/2001
Numbers in square brackets [ ]
refer to footnotes; click on them to go to footnotes.
I. EDUCATION & RESEARCH
1. University Legislation & Statutes
5. Conference on Quality Assurance
6. Sorbonne & Bologna Declarations
7. Convention of European Higher Education
Institutions
8. UNESCO Recommendation on HE Personnel
12. Participation Rate in Physical Sciences
14. National Council for Curriculum & Assessment
II. REMUNERATION
2. P2000 2% Partnership Increase
6. Special Academic Salary Rates
III. CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT
2. Colleges of Education & Humanities
8. Chief Technician I & Leave in TCD
IV. GENERAL CONTACTS
1. ICTU Committees & Conferences
2. Trades Councils Representatives
4. Teacher Union & Other Congresses
6. EIE Equal Opportunities Committee
8. British & Irish Group of Teacher Unions
9.
IFUT-CAUT/ACPPU Reciprocal Membership Agreement
V. ORGANISATION & COMMUNICATIONS
ADDENDUM Other Documents Sent To Branches.
During
the session, the
In
the case of UCC, new regulations were introduced concerning the election of
representatives by certain categories of staff members to the Governing Body,
which increased the representation of the non-professorial staff as sought by
the union.
Copies
of these documents were circulated to Branches.
No
draft of a Statute was received from NUIG during the year.
This was considered further
throughout the year on the basis of a number of drafts of position as drawn up
by Paddy O’Flynn of UCD and Colum Ó Cléirigh of St Patrick’s College,
Drumcondra. In the light of decisions by Council, final drafts are being
prepared for publication and lobbying.[1]
Pursuant
to a request from NUI Convocation, IFUT nominated the President, Pat Burke, St
Patrick’s College, Drumcondra, to the Council of Convocation.
An article on this subject was
prepared jointly by the General Secretary of IFUT, Daltún Ó Ceallaigh, and
Camille Dieu, EIE [2] Higher Education and Research
Standing Committee for a special publication of the Education International on
the subject in September 2000. This was circulated to Branches as part of the
magazine in question.
A
publication entitled Troubled Times:
Academic Freedom in New Zealand (edited by Rob Crozier) was received
during the session.
Following on a request from the Union of Students in
During the session, a publication
entitled Academic Quality Assurance in Irish
Higher Education - Elements of a Handbook (Duff, Hegarty, and
Hussey) was received.
Breandán
Ó Cochláin of NUIG represented IFUT at the GEW [[3]]
International Science Forum entitled From
Sorbonne via Bologna to Prague which was held from 16 to
The
President, Pat Burke, St Patrick’s College, Drumcondra, and Breandán Ó
Cochláin, NUIG, represented IFUT at a National Conference on the Bologna Declaration which was hosted by
the Higher Education Authority on
The
General Secretary, Daltún Ó Ceallaigh, represented IFUT at a Convention of
European Higher Education Institutions on 29 and
The Department of Education and Science finally responded
to correspondence on this matter during the session. However, it indicated that
it regarded the provisions under the Universities Act 1997 as meeting, in its
perception, the requirements of the Recommendation. The situation is being
reviewed by IFUT.
The President, Pat Burke, St Patrick’s College, Drumcondra,
and the General Secretary, Daltún Ó Ceallaigh, attended this at the invitation
of the Education International (EI) from 13 to
The All-Ireland Society of Higher Education was launched on
Information about the Society was
distributed to Branches.
Negotiations
concerning the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) are something
which the Education International (EI) has been encouraging affiliates to keep
an eye on with a view to any input from national governments concerning
education at all levels. IFUT has been in contact with the Department of
Enterprise, Trade and Employment about this, but there is, as yet, a lack of
clarity as to what is developing here and the matter will be kept under review.
GATS is a subset of World Trade Organisation negotiations.
Pursuant to a request from the
Minister for Education and Science, IFUT nominated Vice President Paddy O’Flynn
of UCD to a Task Force on Declining Participation Rates in the Physical
Sciences.
RTÉ has been in contact with a number of bodies, including
IFUT, for ideas in connection with the launch of the above. This is under
consideration at the moment.
IFUT
involvement in the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment during the
year was as follows.
Council: Eugene Wall, MICL.
primary curriculum co-ordinating committee: Eugene Wall, MICL.
steering cttee for information &
communication technologies: Maureen Killeavy, UCD.
steering cttee for special education:
Brendan Spelman, UCD.
pilot project on modern languages in primary
schools: Anne
O’Keeffe, MICL.
In October 2000, Branches were
notified of two documents received from the NCCA: Science & Technology Education in the Senior Cycle, and A Longitudinal Study of 1994 Junior Certificate
Candidates who took the Leaving Certificate Examination in 1997.
The following documents received from the NCCA in
November 2000 were sent to Branches: Leaving
Certificate Physics & Chemistry, Draft Syllabus for Consultation; Leaving
Certificate Physical Education, Draft Syllabus for Consultation; and
Junior and Senior Cycle Physical Education, Draft Syllabus for Consultation.
In
May 2001, a document received from the NCCA entitled Review of Exploring Masculinities (Request for Submissions)
was also sent to Branches.
Eithne
Kennedy of St Patrick’s College, Drumcondra, represented IFUT at a National
Reading Initiative/Reading Association of Ireland Joint International Reading
Conference entitled Reading Matters - a
Fresh Start which was held from 28 to
Pat
Burke, President, of St Patrick’s College, Drumcondra, represented IFUT at the
ASTI Education Conference held on
Seán Tobin, NUIG, represented IFUT at a National
Consultative Forum on the European Commission’s Memorandum on Lifelong Learning, which was hosted by the
Department of Education and Science on
Seán Tobin, NUIG, Valentine Rice and Hugh Gibbons of TCD,
represented IFUT at a conference entitled Course
Completion in Higher Education which was hosted by the Higher
Education Authority on
During the year, there
were two General increases for all members arising from the Programme for
Prosperity and Fairness (PPF) and amendments thereto. The first consisted of
5.5% on
The ‘early settlers’ under PCW/P2000 [4]
also got an increase of 3% on
This was
brought to a conclusion during the year in regard to current and retrospective
payments in the DIAS, St Catherine’s, and APSCEH institutions, in the latter
case not before reference to the Labour Relations Commission. The situation was
also clarified in NUIG concerning Professors and Associate Professors and
payment duly made.
The Initial Submission to the Public Service Benchmarking
Body (PSBB) from IFUT was prepared during the session. It should be
evident from this that very substantial work was put in to it by the Working
Group, Executive and Council, along with Head Office and some consultancy
advice. The situation now is that the research of the PSBB is awaited and, in
response to this, a second written submission may be made in September this
year and oral hearings will take place the following month. The Body will next
proceed to make its report by the end of June 2002. This is substantially
earlier than originally projected and as a result of amendments to the PPF.
It
is evident from the IFUT Submission that it is believed that there are solid
grounds, given comparisons, both within the public sector and with the private
sector, for substantial increases in salaries at all levels for academics.
Related grades should then benefit accordingly. Special submissions have been
made in the case of grades which are not academic or academically related,
namely SEO and CT I in TCD.[6]
Considerable difficulty was experienced during the year, in
some cases, in seeking to clarify that all the necessary adjustments had been
made, both currently and retrospectively, in the case of exam payments arising
both from both general and special increases, especially as the latter often
had a substantial retrospective element in them stretching over itemised
headings. What has been done, therefore, is to seek a detailed statement from
each institution concerned of current rates being applied so as to check that
these are in order. The retrospective position will then be double-checked from
there.
IFUT’s position on this was eventually conceded by the
Government in that Professors were withdrawn from the direct scope of the Buckley
Review Body and it was stated by the Minister for Finance to the Taoiseach on
6/10/00: “The pay of Professors will be considered in the light of the Review
Body’s Recommendations on Assistant Secretaries in the Civil Service as
heretofore.”
The Review Body reported on Assistant
Secretaries and others on
Despite several demands from IFUT for
implementation of the award in the academic sphere, only acknowledgements have
been received over the past number of months and, therefore, on
A scheme
for this was agreed between the Universities and the HEA. The four key
provisions are:
·
“a separate individual
contract must be drawn up, the terms of which must differ significantly from
the terms of appointment of permanent staff;
·
“it must be a specified
purpose or fixed-term contract, not normally exceeding five years;
·
“the post must bear a
unique title, duties and responsibilities, which differentiate it from an
established post or grade;
·
“the contract should
include stated performance objectives for the post holder, provisions for
performance review in the light of these stated objectives, and for reduction
in remuneration and/or for early termination of contract in the event of
failure to meet the stated objectives.”
The
full HEA document on this was sent to Branches.
The
matters under consideration here in some outstanding instances concerned
research time, clinical allowances, time per annum spent in hospital-related
work and Devlin time (the latter refers to the entitlement to avail of 20% of
working time on outside paid activities insofar as these feed back into the
teaching and research process in the university).
It
was early 2001 before members affected felt in a position to proceed with the
necessary meetings with College in order to resolve issues. However, attempts
to actually set up encounters were not successful with the College pleading,
between March and the end of May 2001, preoccupation of the Faculty with the
foot and mouth crisis. However, at the beginning of June, it indicated that the
matter was being substantively addressed again involving the Dean and relevant
Heads of Department with a view to reaching conclusions before the end of that
month and proceeding to meetings with IFUT, if need be.
There
was some progress in individual cases during the year concerning appropriate
grading and remuneration. However, the attempt to make progress otherwise in
terms of bilateral meetings with the Academy and the involvement of consultants
has proved painfully slow. It seems that the situation will have to be
radically reviewed with regard to the current state of play and appropriate
action following a joint-union Academy meeting which is due imminently.
In
respect of special allowances for some Assistant Librarians in TCD, for
assuming the duties of a retired Sub-Librarian, the College and the union were
not able to reach full agreement on the nature and extent of these. However,
payment was secured in particular instances. Otherwise, discussions are
continuing about restructuring in TCD Library and the implications of same.
In UCC, Assistant Librarians signalled in May 2001 that
they were prepared to proceed with consideration of job evaluation with the
help of the Irish Productivity Centre. The union is therefore now interacting
with College with a view to putting an arrangement in place.
There was no further progress in local discussions on
regrading in the case of Senior Experimental Officers in
A list of status issues has also been
raised with the College and is being pressed at the moment. There is a large
number of these including important matters such as voting rights and
participation in governance of the College.
On
An indication has again been sought as to
the exact date when the Act will become applicable in these instances.
This refers to
It
should be clarified that any revised grading is being considered in the context
of present arrangements in the universities. In respect of benchmarking, if a
person were to move into a new grade, he or she should also benefit from any
additional remuneration attached to it by the benchmarking process.
The question of the future of St Catherine’s
A
development of particular note during the year was the taking of UCC by IFUT to
the High Court in connection with a selection and interview procedure
concerning the filling of a statutory Lectureship. IFUT held that the inclusion
of the Head of Department and Professor in this, given conflicts between said
person and the College, on the one hand, and the member concerned, on the
other, required that she be withdrawn from it as a matter of fair procedure and
natural justice. Despite warnings from the union and then the union solicitor,
the College refused and an injunction had to be successfully obtained in the
High Court. As a result, the interviews could not go ahead and the situation is
under review at present with the possibility of further High Court proceedings.
This is a notable example of the determination of the union to use its
resources to the maximum extent necessary to defend members as appropriate.
The issue of integration into host institutions’ pension
schemes was finally brought to a conclusion during the session.
As regards promotions, there was the union proposition
reported on last year and then a compromise suggestion which was mooted by NUIM
management. The latter was looked at with a view to its acceptability and
application elsewhere. The Department of Education and Science then came
forward with the limited proposition that any remaining prohibition on
ex-Carysfort staff (as ‘seconded’ staff, currently or previously) from applying
for promotion, should now be lifted. Recently, the Ex-Carysfort Staff Working
Group of IFUT met and consideration is currently being given to the possibility
of taking advantage of revisions in Promotion Schemes, which are occurring in
Colleges, as the best means of dealing with the situation.
The Report of the Commission on Public Service Pensions was
received during the session and information from it was circulated to Branches.
The Public Services Committee of ICTU is examining this at the moment and IFUT
will be involved in that process.
A report
of the IFUT Working Party on this subject is being drafted at present and
should be available in the new session.
In the matter of enhanced leave for Chief Technician I in
In addition to existing health care, insurance facilities,
and loan schemes, the union secured a second facility under the latter heading
from Friends First and details are going out to members at present.
Other matters that were handled during the session included
grievance and disciplinary procedures, management of academic departments, bullying
and harassment documents, disturbance issues, performance management and
development reviews, titling of some non-academic grades, conversion of
temporary to permanent contracts, and facilitation between members.
Eight cases were finalised during the year in the areas of
regrading, termination of appointment, specific responsibilities, promotion,
salary relativity, professional added years, car parking facilities, and loss
and damage of books.
Twenty-four cases are still ongoing in the
areas of salary scale, professional added years, attendance at meetings, leave
entitlement, grading, pension, promotion, relations with Head of Department,
harassment, specific responsibilities, added years, annual leave, HEO parity,
job description, job evaluation, office space, remuneration for certain Chairs,
scale placement, permanency, employment status, salary proportion for part-time
work, maternity and holiday leave, and compensatory leave.
IV.
GENERAL CONTACTS
Listed
below are the Congress committees on which IFUT has representatives and related
events attended by IFUT members.
Women’s Committee
- Joan Byrne, HRB, and Gillian Wylie, TCD.
Women’s
Seminar - Joan Byrne, HRB, 24 and
Health &
Safety Committee - Michael McKillen, TCD.
Public Services Committee
- Daltún Ó Ceallaigh, General Secretary.
Solidarity [3rd World]
Committee - Séamus Ó Síocháin, NUIM, and Iain
Atack, TCD.
Retired
Workers Committee, Seán
Tobin, NUIG.
A circular
of
“This
is further to your letter of 4 August 2000 and to confirm that the Irish
Federation of University Teachers on behalf of its retired membership fully
supports the position of the European Federation of Retired and Older People
(FERPA) [7]
which is seeking to have the following fundamental rights incorporated into the
European Union Treaty:
·
“The minimum pension must
be set and uprated regularly in line with gross domestic product (GDP).
·
“Every worker must at the
time of retirement have the right to a pension based on insurance and
collective responsibility affording them a decent standard of living
commensurate with that enjoyed before retirement.
·
“There must be a right to
a minimum guaranteed income for those with no other means of subsistence. It
must be adequate to live a decent life in a manner compatible with human
dignity. Its purpose is to eradicate poverty.
·
“Everyone has a right to
a high standard of health care.
·
“Anyone in housing need
has the right to be decently housed with support from the relevant public
authorities.
“People
must have guaranteed access to services of general interest and opportunities
for lifelong learning.”
IFUT
responded to a request from ICTU for nominations to the Employment Appeals
Tribunal by renominating Anne Clune, TCD, and this was accepted.
IFUT is
entitled to representatives on the following Trades Councils:
Representatives are as follows:
Kildare
- Mícheál MacGréil, NUIM.
These
exist formally in a number of colleges and institutions, but the regularity of
meetings tends to vary. In other instances, there is a less formal set-up with
occasional liaison taking place among unions as need be.
IFUT was represented at these in 2001 as follows: Anne
Clune, TCD, at
The EIE Regional Congress took place on
A
meeting took place on 14 and 15 May 2001 and IFUT was represented at this by
Philomena Donnelly of St Patrick’s College, Drumcondra. The agenda was as
follows: Report from EI Activities since last Meeting: Policy Development and
Prague Roundtable; Recruitment & Retention: How to ensure Equal
Opportunities for All; EI & PSI [8]
Strategies for Recruitment & Retention of Members; Members’ Organisations
in Europe: What Strategies are needed to ensure Equality?; Exchange of
Experiences and Recommendations for Policy Development; and Report on the
Preparation Process to the UNGASS [9]
on Children.
The
Higher Education Research Standing Committee (HERSC) of the Education
International Europe (EIE) met from 15 to
The agendas included the following:
Follow-up of the Sorbonne and Bologna Declarations and Preparation of the
Prague 2001 Conference; Continuity Work on the ‘Employment and Working
Conditions of Academic Staff in Europe’; Follow-up of the UNESCO/ILO
Activities; ETUCE Issues (Advisory Panel, Methods of Work, E-Mail Network,
Preparation of the 6th RDT [10]
Framework Programme, quality issues); Presence of Higher Education Research Sector
in EI Congress; and Action Programme for 2001-2003.
The
President, Pat Burke of St Patrick’s College, Drumcondra, and Daltún Ó
Ceallaigh, General Secretary, attended a meeting of this Group (BIGTU) on
The
BIGTU Island of Ireland meeting was attended by Anne Clune, TCD. The agenda for
this meeting was as follows: Presentation from Andy Pollock, Director Centre
for Cross Border Studies in Education; Reports from Sectors re. Developments on
Cross Border Issues in Education - primary, post-primary, tertiary, and higher;
Identification of Action Points and Arrangements for Progressing; and
Relationship of Group to ICTU.
During the
session, the Canadian Association of University Teachers (Association
Canadienne des Professeures et Professeurs d’Université) contacted IFUT with a
view to concluding a reciprocal membership agreement similar to that which had
been entered into last year with the Association of University Teachers (UK).
This was duly processed and has been signed in
This
continued through the year as usual with exchanges of documentation, both
north-south and across the water.
The
first meeting of the IFUT-NIAC (AUT) Liaison committee was held on 19 January
2001 with the following agenda: Status of Women in University Sector; Liaison
with CRI (Conference of University Rectors of Ireland); Reciprocal Membership
Agreement & NATFHE Request for Same; and North-South & ‘East-West’
Dimensions.
A
seminar under the auspices of IBEC, ICTU, and EIRI [12]
Associates, was organised on 8 February 2001 to examine the implications of the
new Directive for existing Irish legislation and for human resource policies,
practices and procedures. This event was chaired by Ivana Bacik, TCD, and IFUT
was represented at it by Anne Clune, TCD.
The total membership of IFUT is 1,563 compared to 1,520 in
2000. The breakdown of this is as follows (2000 figures in brackets): 1,323
(1,293) on higher rate of subscription, 56 (63) on lower, 12 (15) on leave of
absence and 172 (149) retired. The Irish School of Ecumenics was absorbed into
TCD during the year and so the members concerned transferred from the Central
Branch to TCD. Details of Branches are given in Appendix A.
The
Council (see Appendix B) elected the following Vice Presidents for 2000/2001:
Michael Mansfield, UCC; Paddy O’Flynn, UCD; Hugh Gibbons, TCD; Anne Clune, TCD;
Breandán Ó Cochláin, NUIG; and Colum Ó Cléirigh, St Patrick’s College,
Drumcondra. Hugh Gibbons, was also elected by the Executive as Vice
President-Finance. The Executive met six times during the session.
The Trustees elected at the last ADC to
serve for 2000/2001 were as follows: Valentine Rice, TCD; John Lewis, DIAS; and
Mícheál MacGréil, NUIM.
Council met
five times during the year. There were no co-options.
This Committee met on 6 June 2001.
The agenda was as follows: National Women’s Council, Equality Issues, ICTU
Women’s Committee, and Future Work Plan.
It was decided to rescind the
designation of the grades of Chief Technician II and Experimental Officer in
TCD for membership recruitment as IFUT had no members in them and they were
represented by MSF.
The names
of some institutions in Appendix A were also changed, pursuant to the
Universities Act as follows:
·
University College Dublin
- National University of Ireland, Dublin;
·
National University of
Ireland, Galway;
·
University College Cork -
National University of Ireland, Cork;
·
National University of
Ireland, Maynooth.
St
Patrick’s College, Maynooth, remains in respect of the Pontifical University.
Apart from non-IFUT items referred to above, communications
to all members included the following: IFUT 2000, the
book Towards 2001: Teacher Education in
Ireland over the Next Decade, Maureen Killeavy (Ed), UCD, and the Initial
Submission to the Public Service Benchmarking Body of IFUT already
referred to.
Attention
should be drawn again to the IFUT web site at www.ifut.ie. This is expanding
all the time and is the most up to date way of keeping in touch with IFUT
developments.
Daltún Ó Ceallaigh,
General Secretary,
ADDENDUM
Other Documents Sent To Branches
New Teacher Induction and
Retention, National
Education Association [US], May 2000
People’s College Syllabus 2000-2001.
Policy on the Employment of Staff on Fixed-Term/Temporary
Contracts, UCD,
27/6/00.
Workplace Partnership & Joint Problem Solving [seminar]:
- 17-19 October 2000, ICTU,
27/8/00.
NCEA Certificate in Business Studies & Trade Union
Studies,
27/8/00.
UCD Certificate Course in Safety & Health at ICTU, 18/8/00.
Pathways to Lifelong Learning -
Education & Training Programme 2000-2001, ICTU, Sept ’00
Questionnaire re. Situation of Gay
& Lesbian Teachers and Education Workers, Education International,
County Childcare Committees, ICTU,
Introduction to Workplace
Communication Course 21, 28 November and 5 December 2000,
ICTU, 20/10/00.
Quality Assurance Groups - Non-Commercial State Bodies, ICTU,
Policy on Dignity and Respect, UCD,
Report of Academic Planning & Resource Committee Working
Group on Academic Grade Structures, NUIG, January 1999
Workplace Stress in Ireland, ICTU,
Statute CCLX [Management of Academic Departments], NUIG,
Headships of Departments, Role and Responsibilities of Head
of Department, TCD,
Jan ‘01
Social Welfare Rates of Payment
2001, Department
of Social, Community & Family Affairs
Rescheduling of Promoting Equality & Diversity in the
Workplace - The Role of the Employment Equality Act, 1998 [seminar] - 3 to 5
October 2000, ICTU,
27/8/00.
Equality News, Autumn 2000, Equality Authority
National Conference on Immigration: Creating an
Intercultural Workplace [seminar] - 23 September 2000, ICTU, 8/9/00.
Anti-Racist Workplace Week: 6-10 November 2000, ICTU, 27/9/00.
Upcoming Congress Course:
International Study Circle on Migrant Workers November 2000 to March 2001, ICTU, 28/9/00.
Anti-Racism Conference, 1 June 2001, ICTU,
Introductory Course for Union
Representatives 14-16 November 2000, ICTU,
Introductory Course for Union Representatives, 13-15
February 2001, ICTU,
Three-Day Course on Changing Role of the Workplace
Representative 24 to 26 April 2001,
ICTU,
Pension Lump Sum & 5.5% w.e.f. 1/10/00 - Agreed Report
6/2000, Conciliation
Council for Teachers
Lump Sum under Review of PPF and Public Service Pensioners, ICTU,
Occupational Pension Schemes
[Disclosure of Information] [Amendment] Regulations, 2000 (S.I. No. 296 of
2000), Pensions
Board, 26/10/00.
Retired Worker’s Committee & Workshops re. Changeover to
Euro, ICTU,
S.I. No. 146 of 2000 - Industrial Relations Act, 1990 (Code
of Practice on Grievance and Disciplinary Procedures) (Declaration) Order,
2000, Government
Consultation Draft - Grievance Procedure, UCC
Consultation Draft - Disciplinary Procedure, UCC
Disciplinary Procedure, UCC, 2001
Grievance Procedure, UCC, 2001
RESOLUTIONS ON POLICY OF 2001 ADC
(1) Early Voluntary Retirement
Eilíonn an
Cruinniú Bliantúil Teachtaí seo go gceadófaí scor luath deonach ar lán phinsean
dóibh siúd a bhuil seirbhís 30 bliain tugtha acu agus a bhuil 55 bliain
slánaithe acu.
This
Annual Delegate Conference demands that early voluntary retirement on full
pension be allowed to those who have given 30 years’ service and who have
reached the age of 55.
(2) Part-Time Teaching in Third-Level
This Annual
Delegate Conference requests IFUT to ascertain the number of people teaching
part-time in third-level institutions with a view to examining their terms and
conditions of work.
(3) Option
on Retirement
That IFUT
ensures that university teachers have the option to retire on full pension
after 35 years public service.
(4)
That, in the
context of the Bologna and Prague deliberations on higher education and the
exclusions from those deliberations in Ireland of the Education International
(EI), even in an observer role, IFUT wishes to support the misgivings voiced by
EI in relation to adequacy of consultation, and reserves the right for that
reason to withhold its co-operation from any attempted actualization by
Government of those declarations in Ireland.
[1] Council draft circulated to delegates.
[2] Education International
[3] German Union of Education and Science
[4] Programme for Competitiveness & Work/Partnership 2000
[5] Executive Officer/Higher Executive Officer and Assistant Principal Officer/Principal Officer.
[6] Chief Technician I and Senior Experimental Officer.
[7] French initials.
[8] Public Services International
[9] United Nations General Assembly Special Session
[10] Research, Development,Technology.
[11] General Teaching Council
[12] European Industrial Relations Institute